transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for the treatment and investigation of Phantom Limb Pain (PLP)

Abstract Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a complex medical condition that often difficult to treat, and thus can become detrimental patients’ quality of life. No standardized clinical treatments exist there no conclusive understanding the underlying mechanisms causing it. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been used find correlations between changes in activity various conditions, including neurological disease, mental illnesses, disorders. Studies have also shown NIBS be effective alleviating pain. Here, we examined literature on particular type NIBS, known as transcranial direct current (tDCS), its application treatment PLP. We first discuss hypotheses working mechanism tDCS then examine published evidence efficacy treat conclude this article by discussing how alone, combination with imaging techniques such electroencephalography (EEG) magnetic resonance imagining, could applied further investigate